Characterisation of the environmental presence of hepatitis A virus in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Identifieur interne : 000723 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000722; suivant : 000724Characterisation of the environmental presence of hepatitis A virus in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Auteurs : Paul Kuodi [Ouganda, Afrique du Sud] ; Jenna Patterson [Afrique du Sud] ; Sheetal Silal [Afrique du Sud, Royaume-Uni] ; Gregory D. Hussey [Afrique du Sud] ; Benjamin M. Kagina [Afrique du Sud]Source :
- BMJ Open [ 2044-6055 ] ; 2020.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- MESH :
- Wicri :
- geographic : Inde, Kenya, Maroc, Mozambique, Pakistan, Philippines, Afrique du Sud, Tunisie, Ouganda.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- geographic : India, Kenya, Morocco, Mozambique, Pakistan, Philippines, South Africa, Tunisia, Uganda.
- Cross-Sectional Studies, Developing Countries, Hepatitis A virus, Humans.
Abstract
To characterise the environmental presence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
Systematic review and meta-analysis.
EBSCOhost, PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Clinical Key and Web of Science were searched. Grey literature was sourced by searching the following electronic databases: Open Grey, National Health Research Database and Mednar.
Cross-sectional and ecological studies reporting HAV environmental presence and conducted in LMICs between January 2005 and May 2019, irrespective of language of publication.
Relevant data were extracted from articles meeting the inclusion criteria, and two reviewers independently assessed the studies for risk of bias. High heterogeneity of the extracted data led to the results being reported narratively.
A total of 2092 records were retrieved, of which 33 met the inclusion criteria. 21 studies were conducted in Tunisia, India and South Africa, and the rest were from Philippines, Pakistan, Morocco, Chad, Mozambique, Kenya and Uganda. In Tunisian raw sewage samples, the prevalence of HAV ranged from 12% to 68%, with an estimated average detection rate of 50% (95% CI 25 to 75), whereas HAV detection in treated sewage in Tunisia ranged from 23% to 65%, with an estimated average detection rate of 38% (95% CI 20 to 57). The prevalence of HAV detection in South African treated sewage and surface water samples ranged from 4% to 37% and from 16% to 76%, with an estimated average detection rates of 15% (95% CI 1 to 29) and 51% (95% CI 21 to 80), respectively. Over the review period, the estimated average detection rate of environmental HAV presence appeared to have declined by 10%.
The quality of included studies was fair, but sampling issues and paucity of data limited the strength of the review findings.
CRD42019119592.
Url:
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036407
PubMed: 32988941
PubMed Central: 7523219
Affiliations:
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Kagina</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><institution content-type="department">School of Public Health and Family Medicine</institution>,<institution>University of Cape Town</institution>,<addr-line content-type="city">Rondebosch</addr-line>,<country>South Africa</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution content-type="department">Vaccines for Africa Initiative</institution>,<institution>University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences</institution>,<addr-line content-type="city">Cape Town</addr-line>,<country>South Africa</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Afrique du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">BMJ Open</title><idno type="eISSN">2044-6055</idno><imprint><date when="2020">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Cross-Sectional Studies (MeSH)</term><term>Developing Countries (MeSH)</term><term>Hepatitis A virus (MeSH)</term><term>Humans (MeSH)</term><term>India (MeSH)</term><term>Kenya (MeSH)</term><term>Morocco (MeSH)</term><term>Mozambique (MeSH)</term><term>Pakistan (MeSH)</term><term>Philippines (MeSH)</term><term>South Africa (MeSH)</term><term>Tunisia (MeSH)</term><term>Uganda (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Humains (MeSH)</term><term>Inde (MeSH)</term><term>Kenya (MeSH)</term><term>Maroc (MeSH)</term><term>Mozambique (MeSH)</term><term>Ouganda (MeSH)</term><term>Pakistan (MeSH)</term><term>Pays en voie de développement (MeSH)</term><term>Philippines (MeSH)</term><term>République d'Afrique du Sud (MeSH)</term><term>Tunisie (MeSH)</term><term>Virus de l'hépatite A (MeSH)</term><term>Études transversales (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" xml:lang="en"><term>India</term><term>Kenya</term><term>Morocco</term><term>Mozambique</term><term>Pakistan</term><term>Philippines</term><term>South Africa</term><term>Tunisia</term><term>Uganda</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Cross-Sectional Studies</term><term>Developing Countries</term><term>Hepatitis A virus</term><term>Humans</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Humains</term><term>Inde</term><term>Kenya</term><term>Maroc</term><term>Mozambique</term><term>Ouganda</term><term>Pakistan</term><term>Pays en voie de développement</term><term>Philippines</term><term>République d'Afrique du Sud</term><term>Tunisie</term><term>Virus de l'hépatite A</term><term>Études transversales</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Inde</term><term>Kenya</term><term>Maroc</term><term>Mozambique</term><term>Pakistan</term><term>Philippines</term><term>Afrique du Sud</term><term>Tunisie</term><term>Ouganda</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>To characterise the environmental presence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).</p></sec><sec><title>Design</title><p>Systematic review and meta-analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>Data sources</title><p>EBSCOhost, PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Clinical Key and Web of Science were searched. Grey literature was sourced by searching the following electronic databases: Open Grey, National Health Research Database and Mednar.</p></sec><sec><title>Eligibility criteria for including studies</title><p>Cross-sectional and ecological studies reporting HAV environmental presence and conducted in LMICs between January 2005 and May 2019, irrespective of language of publication.</p></sec><sec><title>Data extraction and data synthesis</title><p>Relevant data were extracted from articles meeting the inclusion criteria, and two reviewers independently assessed the studies for risk of bias. High heterogeneity of the extracted data led to the results being reported narratively.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>A total of 2092 records were retrieved, of which 33 met the inclusion criteria. 21 studies were conducted in Tunisia, India and South Africa, and the rest were from Philippines, Pakistan, Morocco, Chad, Mozambique, Kenya and Uganda. In Tunisian raw sewage samples, the prevalence of HAV ranged from 12% to 68%, with an estimated average detection rate of 50% (95% CI 25 to 75), whereas HAV detection in treated sewage in Tunisia ranged from 23% to 65%, with an estimated average detection rate of 38% (95% CI 20 to 57). The prevalence of HAV detection in South African treated sewage and surface water samples ranged from 4% to 37% and from 16% to 76%, with an estimated average detection rates of 15% (95% CI 1 to 29) and 51% (95% CI 21 to 80), respectively. Over the review period, the estimated average detection rate of environmental HAV presence appeared to have declined by 10%.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>The quality of included studies was fair, but sampling issues and paucity of data limited the strength of the review findings.</p></sec><sec><title>PROSPERO registration number</title><p>CRD42019119592.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Costa Mattioli, M" uniqKey="Costa Mattioli M">M Costa-Mattioli</name></author><author><name sortKey="Napoli, Ad" uniqKey="Napoli A">AD Napoli</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ferre, V" uniqKey="Ferre V">V Ferré</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Franco, E" uniqKey="Franco E">E Franco</name></author><author><name sortKey="Meleleo, C" uniqKey="Meleleo C">C Meleleo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Serino, L" uniqKey="Serino L">L 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first="Gregory D" last="Hussey">Gregory D. Hussey</name><name sortKey="Kagina, Benjamin M" sort="Kagina, Benjamin M" uniqKey="Kagina B" first="Benjamin M" last="Kagina">Benjamin M. Kagina</name><name sortKey="Kagina, Benjamin M" sort="Kagina, Benjamin M" uniqKey="Kagina B" first="Benjamin M" last="Kagina">Benjamin M. Kagina</name><name sortKey="Patterson, Jenna" sort="Patterson, Jenna" uniqKey="Patterson J" first="Jenna" last="Patterson">Jenna Patterson</name><name sortKey="Patterson, Jenna" sort="Patterson, Jenna" uniqKey="Patterson J" first="Jenna" last="Patterson">Jenna Patterson</name><name sortKey="Silal, Sheetal" sort="Silal, Sheetal" uniqKey="Silal S" first="Sheetal" last="Silal">Sheetal Silal</name></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><noRegion><name sortKey="Silal, Sheetal" sort="Silal, Sheetal" uniqKey="Silal S" first="Sheetal" last="Silal">Sheetal Silal</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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